After undergoing knee replacement surgery, it is crucial for both the patient and the surgeon to initiate a well-coordinated rehabilitation program early on, which is equally significant as the surgical procedure itself. This program should be tailored based on the type of prosthesis utilized and the surgical technique employed. Emphasizing pain management, complication prevention, and joint positioning training are essential aspects during the initial phase.

    On the day following the surgery, in-bed exercises are commenced. The patient is guided to sit on the edge of the bed initially, followed by standing up with the assistance of a walker. The intensity of the load applied at the initial stages varies depending on the type of prosthesis utilized. Once the knee mobility reaches 90 degrees and the patient demonstrates independent transfers and movements, discharge planning is initiated. The patient and their family receive education on home care guidelines, permissible activities, and exercise routines.

    The outpatient rehabilitation program progresses post-discharge. Gradual transitioning from crutches is implemented and typically continues until around the sixth week. Resistance exercises are introduced after this period. The utilization of crutches is gradually reduced to one, followed by the commencement of unsupported walking training. It is advisable to maintain the exercise regimen for a minimum of one year post-surgery.

Early Post-Knee Replacement Exercises

These exercises aim to enhance blood circulation in the legs and feet, thus aiding in the prevention of blood clots. They can be initiated as soon as the patient regains consciousness post-surgery. Despite appearing challenging initially, these movements facilitate a quicker recovery and alleviate post-operative discomfort.

Ankle Exercises: Gently flex and extend your foot. Repeat this motion every 5-10 minutes in the initial stages post-surgery. Research has indicated its superior efficacy compared to anti-coagulant medications.

Thigh Set Exercise: Contract your thigh muscle to press your knee against the bed, holding for 5-10 seconds. Perform this exercise ten times in 10-minute intervals until muscle fatigue sets in.

Straight Leg Lift Exercise: Engage your thigh muscles to lift your leg with the knee fully extended, holding for 10 seconds before lowering slowly. Repeat this exercise ten times in 10-minute intervals until muscle fatigue occurs.

Assisted Knee Bending Exercise: Utilize a towel or sheet to assist in achieving full knee flexion. Hold the position for 10 seconds with each push, repeating throughout the day until muscle fatigue is experienced.

Sitting Knee Bending Exercise: Perform repetitive bending and extending movements with solid foot support for the operated knee. Hold each position for 10 seconds with every push, continuing throughout the day until muscle fatigue sets in.

Walking and Early Activities

Following the surgery, engage in short walks and light daily activities within the hospital setting.

Utilize a walker to stand up, ensuring proper alignment and balance. Gradually progress by moving the walker forward 15-20 cm with each step, emphasizing proper foot placement and weight distribution. Ascend and descend stairs cautiously, utilizing handrails for support and maintaining a step-by-step approach.

The recovery journey post-knee replacement surgery, along with the gradual return to daily activities, typically spans 6-12 weeks. Adherence to the prescribed physical therapy and exercise regimen post-surgery is vital for regaining knee strength, mobility, and resuming an active lifestyle.